The Influence of Freight Carrier's Behavior and Stakeholders Moderation on the Failure of Overload Control Program Implementation in Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the failure of overload control policies in Indonesia by analyzing freight carriers' behavior and the roles of cargo owners and regulators. The objective is to assess how attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral control influence compliance intentions and actual behaviors, while also evaluating how stakeholder engagement contributes to reducing program failure.
Data were collected from 125 respondents (freight carriers, cargo owners, regulators) and analyzed using SEM–PLS. The findings reveal that cargo owners play a significant role in reducing program failures and strengthening compliance behavior among freight carriers, while regulators play a weaker role. These results indicate that regulatory effectiveness requires active stakeholder collaboration and stronger enforcement. This study contributes to sustainable transport literature by highlighting the importance of multi-stakeholder cooperation in improving policy outcomes.